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Stems, alts and cutdowns: what libraries and supervisors want

Free resource

Sync-ready delivery checklist and file-naming standard

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A free resource from DADAAUDIO (www.dadaaudio.com). Use it every time you finish a track and every time you deliver one. Each library or client's own delivery sheet always comes first: where it differs from this list, follow theirs.

1. What the words mean

Term What it is Length
Main mix The full, finished track Full
Stem A group of related parts (drums, bass, strings…) printed as one file; all stems together play back as the main mix Full, identical to the main mix
Alt (alternative mix) A complete mix with something removed or changed Full
Instrumental Alt without vocals Full
Underscore / bed / no lead Alt without the melody or lead, to sit under dialogue Full
Clean Lyrics edited for broadcast Full
A cappella Vocals only Full
Cutdown / edit A shorter version that still sounds complete 60, 30 or 15 s
Sting / button A short hit or phrase in the track's character, for endings and transitions A few seconds
Bumper A short piece to go in or out of a break Usually under 15 s
Loop A section that repeats seamlessly Varies
Splits Ownership percentages of the song and of the recording; not audio Must add up to 100 %

2. Print from the session (before you close it)

  • Main mix, full length
  • Instrumental (always, for anything with vocals)
  • Underscore / no lead
  • Clean version (only if the lyrics need it)
  • Stems: 5–10 groups (for example drums, percussion, bass, guitars, keys, synths, strings, brass, lead, vocals)
  • Every file from the same start point, at the same length as the main mix
  • Session saved and archived with its plug-ins noted, so you can print more alts later

3. Make when they're asked for (or when a library lists them)

  • Other alts from the library's list (no drums, drums and bass, rhythm, sparse…), named their way
  • 60-second edit (last hit around 59.5 s)
  • 30-second edit (last hit around 29.5 s)
  • 15-second edit (last hit around 14.5 s)
  • Sting(s)
  • Loop
  • Ask first whether the library makes its own cutdowns

4. Format

  • WAV or AIFF, 48 kHz, 24-bit, unless the delivery sheet says otherwise
  • Mastered or unmastered as the delivery sheet asks (libraries differ)
  • Headroom and loudness as the delivery sheet asks
  • MP3 only for previews or when explicitly requested

5. Pre-flight checks

  • All stems start at exactly the same point (no trimmed silence)
  • All stems are exactly as long as the main mix
  • Stems summed together sound like the main mix (master-bus effects accounted for, nothing out of phase)
  • No clicks at the start or end
  • No cut-off reverb or delay tails
  • No clipping
  • Cutdowns end like music, not with a fade
  • Cutdowns are not longer than their stated length
  • Every alt comes from the same session as the main mix

6. File-naming standard

Pattern for alts and edits: Title_Version.wav Pattern for stems: Title_STEM_Group.wav (or Title_STEM_01_Group.wav when order matters) Optional prefix when your files travel with other people's: ArtistOrCode_Title_Version.wav

File Version word Example
Main mix Main Northern-Line_Main.wav
Instrumental Instrumental Northern-Line_Instrumental.wav
Underscore / no lead Underscore Northern-Line_Underscore.wav
Clean Clean Northern-Line_Clean.wav
A cappella Acappella Northern-Line_Acappella.wav
No drums NoDrums Northern-Line_NoDrums.wav
Drums and bass DrumsBass Northern-Line_DrumsBass.wav
60-second edit 60 Northern-Line_60.wav
30-second edit 30 Northern-Line_30.wav
15-second edit 15 Northern-Line_15.wav
Sting Sting Northern-Line_Sting.wav
Second sting Sting2 Northern-Line_Sting2.wav
Loop Loop Northern-Line_Loop.wav
Drums stem STEM_Drums Northern-Line_STEM_Drums.wav
Bass stem STEM_Bass Northern-Line_STEM_Bass.wav
Strings stem STEM_Strings Northern-Line_STEM_Strings.wav
Lead vocal stem STEM_LeadVox Northern-Line_STEM_LeadVox.wav

Naming rules:

  • Title first, so every file of a track sorts together
  • Hyphens inside the title, underscores between parts
  • The same version words for every track you deliver (or the library's own words, if it has a list)
  • No "final", "v3", "new", dates or DAW suffixes
  • No / \ : * ? " < > | and no accented letters
  • The title in the file name matches the title on the metadata sheet exactly

7. Embedded metadata

  • Title, composer, publisher and contact embedded in each file (BWF bext description, INFO or ID3, as your software allows)
  • Remember: not every program reads WAV metadata, so never rely on it alone
  • Spot-check one delivered file in a different program to see what survived

8. Metadata sheet (one row per file)

Column Example / notes
File name Northern-Line_30.wav
Track title Northern Line
Version 30
Length (m:ss) 0:30
Main track Northern Line (Main)
ISRC One per released version; ask the library whether it assigns its own
ISWC Of the composition, if known (same for every version)
Writer(s) Name, role, IPI, society
Writer splits Must add up to 100 %
Publisher(s) Name, IPI, society, share
Master owner Name and share (must add up to 100 %)
BPM 112
Key D minor
Genre
Mood
Instruments
Vocals None / male / female / group
Explicit Yes / no
Description One or two sentences an editor can search
Contains samples Yes (cleared) / no
One-stop Yes / no
Licensing contact Name and email

9. Sending

  • Pitch: main mix (plus instrumental for songs) and the line "stems and alts available on request"
  • Acceptance or request: the files on their list, named their way, plus the metadata sheet
  • Files in one folder named after the track (Northern-Line/), stems in a subfolder (Northern-Line/Stems/)
  • Download link tested from a private window before sending
  • A copy of exactly what you sent kept with the track

10. ISRC quick rules (from the ISRC Handbook, 4th edition)

  • Different mixes need different ISRCs
  • Edited versions (for example clean) need a new ISRC
  • An edit that removes or adds sections (verses, choruses) needs a new ISRC
  • A length change from the fade or speed alone, under 10 seconds, keeps the same ISRC
  • Stems made during production need no ISRC; a stem or vocal-less version intended for release does

From the DADAAUDIO blog · www.dadaaudio.com/blog